2.26: Describe the Structures of the Human Alimentary Canal and Describe the Functions of the Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine and Pancreas

ALIMENTARY CANAL: Passage in Which Food Passes Through the Body from the Mouth to the Anus

Diagram:

                                        

STRUCTURE OF ALIMENTARY CANAL:

STRUCTURE	FUNCTION
MOUTH	The Mouth is where Mechanical Digestion Takes Place Large Food is turned into a Food Bolus with Larger Surface Area to Volume Ratio so Enzymes in Saliva called Amylase, can break down Starch into Glucose Food Bolus is lubricated in Saliva so it can be Swallowed Easily
OESOPHAGUS	Tube that Connects the Mouth to the Stomach Where the Food Bolus goes after being swallowed Wave - like Contractions will take place to push the Food Bolus Down without the Force of Gravity
STOMACH	Where food is Churned Mechanically while Enzymes do so Chemically Hydrochloric Acid will be present to allow Optimum pH so Increases Enzyme Activity and the Rate of Metabolic Reactions
SMALL INTESTINE	Lined with Villi to Absorb Digested Soluble Molecules into the Circulatory System for Use
LARGE INTESTINE	Water is Absorbed from Undigested Food to produce faeces (Stored in the Rectum and Removed through the Anus)
PANCREAS	Produce Enzymes; Amylase, Protease and Lipase Secretes Enzymes into the Stomach and Small Intestine for Digestion