5.12: Describe the Use of Restriction Enzymes to Cut DNA at Specific Sites and Ligase Enzymes to Join Pieces of DNA Together

RESTRICTION ENZYME: Enzymes Used to Cut Out the Gene from an Organism

RESTRICTION ENZYME

Diagram Showing the Action of Sticky Ends

EXPLANATION: Restriction Enzymes Cut Across the Double Strands at Two Different Places, the Place where they Cut Across the DNA is called the Sticky End Restriction Enzymes can be used to Cut Out Specific Genes and also Cut Open Places in the Plasmid DNA of a Bacteria The Sticky Ends will Ensure that the Cut Out Gene (Target Gene) is Able to Fit Exactly in the Plasmid DNA of a Bacteria

LIGASE ENZYME: Enzymes Used to Stick the Gene into the DNA of another Organism

LIGASE ENZYME

Diagram Showing the Action of Ligase Enzymes

EXPLANATION: Ligase is a DNA - Joining Enzyme If Two Pieces of DNA have Matching Ends (Sticky Ends from Restriction Enzymes), Ligase will Link them to Form a Single, Unbroken Molecule of DNA This Allows the Cut Out Gene (Target Gene) to be Inserted and Joined into the Plasmid DNA of a Bacteria