3.31: Understand that Many Mutations are Harmful but Some are Neutral and a Few are Beneficial

MUTATION: Rare, Random Change in Genetic Material that Can be Inherited

EFFECTS OF MUTATIONS:

HARMFUL

Mutations will cause Alteration to the Base Pair Sequence in the Genetic Code, Coding for a Different Protein which may cause the Body or Organ to Not Carry Out Its Normal Function Mutations will cause Genetic Disorders that can be Passed onto Generations such as Cystic Fibrosis

NEUTRAL

Mutations may have No Effect. E.g, the Protein that a Mutated Gene Produces may Work just as Well as the Protein from the Non - Mutated Gene Mutations May Not Affect the Chances of Survival of Species

BENEFICIAL

Mutations may be Caused by Evolution as a Means of Natural Selection, Increasing the Chances of Survival of Species Mutations that are Beneficial can be Passed on to Generations which can Increase Populations of Species and Save them from Extinction